Steel and Iron - JCG Industrial Co., Ltd. Manufacturing Factory

Steel is a carbon-iron alloy, and various alloying elements are added, with different compositions and smelting processing procedures, so that there are thousands of alloy types of steel.
The mechanical properties of steel are affected by the amount of carbon, usually below 1.0wt%.

A. Steels are classified into low, medium, and high carbon steels according to the amount of carbon content, or they can be distinguished by other elements. In addition to carbon and manganese, only residual impurity alloy steels (alloy steels) add specific alloy element.
B. Steel is divided into seven categories: carbon steel, low (medium) alloy steel, wear-resistant steel, heat-resistant steel, corrosion-resistant steel, high-strength stainless steel, and low-carbon stainless steel.

1. Low-carbon steel
The production capacity of steel is the largest, and the carbon content is mostly less than 0.25wt%, so it is impossible to obtain Matian loose iron by quenching, and it must be cold-worked and strengthened.
High-strength low-alloy steel, containing elements such as copper, vanadium, nickel and molybdenum, with an alloy content of up to 10wt%, which is superior in strength to ordinary low-carbon steel.

Low-carbon steel and high-strength low-alloy steel composition
Low-carbon steel

AISI/SAE ASTM	UNS	C	Mn	Other
1010	G10100	0.1	0.45
1020	G10200	0.2	0.45
A36	K02600	0.29	1	0.2Cu
516 Grade70	K02700	0.31	1	0.2Si

High-strength low-alloy steel

AISI/SAE ASTM	UNS	C	Mn	Otheer
A440	K12810	0.28	1.35	0.3Si 0.2Cu
A633 GradeE	K12002	0.22	1.35	0.3Si 0.08V 0.02N 0.03Nb
A656 Grade1	K11804	0.18	1.6	0.6Si 0.1V 0.2Al 0.015N

Mechanical properties and applications of low-carbon steel and high-strength low-alloy steel
Low-carbon steel

AISI/SAE ASTM	Tensile MPa	Yield MPa	Use
1010	325	180	Car panels, nails, wire
1020	380	205	Piping, structural steel and steel plate
A36	400	220	Structural steel (bridges and buildings)
A516 Grade70	485	260	Cryogenic pressure vessel

High-strength low-alloy steel

AISI/SAE ASTM	Tensile MPa	Yield MPa	Use
A440	435	290	Structure fixed by bolts or rivets
A633 GradeE	520	380	Structural steel for low temperature environment
A656 Grade1	665	552	Truck structure and rail vehicle

2. Medium carbon steel
The carbon content is between 0.25~0.6wt%, and the alloy can be quenched by austenitic ironing.
The steel is strengthened by heat treatment such as tempering, and most of it contains tempered Asada scattered iron structure.

AISI/SAE ASTM	UNS	Ni	Cr	Mn	Other
10XX	G10100
11XX	G11XX0				0.08~ 0.33S
12XX	G12XX0				0.1~ 0.35S 0.04~ 0.12P
13XX	G13XX0				1.6~ 1.9Mn
40XX	G40XX0			0.2~ 0.3
41XX	G41XX0		0.8~ 1.1	0.15~ 0.25
43XX	G43XX0	1.65~ 2	0.4~ 0.9	0.2~ 0.3
46XX	G46XX0	0.7~ 2		0.15~ 0.3
48XX	G48XX0	3.25~ 3.75		0.2~ 0.3
51XX	G51XX0		0.7~ 1.1
61XX	G61XX0		0.5~ 1.1	0.1~ 0.15V
86XX	G86XX0	0.4~ 0.7	0.4~ 0.6	0.15~ 0.25
92XX	G92XX0				1.8~ 2.2Si

Mechanical properties and applications of medium carbon steel and high-strength low-alloy steel

1040	G10400	605	430	33~19	Crankshaft, bolt
1080	G10800	800	480	24~13	Chisel, hammer
1095	G10950	760	510	26~10	Blades, hacksaw blades
4063	G40630	786	710	24~4	Spring, hand tool
4340	G43400	980	895	21~11	Cushion, aircraft
6150	G61500	815	745	22~7	Shaft, piston, gear

3. High carbon steel
The carbon content is between 0.6~1.4wt%, the strength is the best, the hardness is the highest, but the ductility is the worst.
High-carbon steel is a structure that is heat-treated into tempered loose iron, and can be used as a cutting tool for wear resistance.
Die steel and tool steel are made of high-carbon steel by adding neptium, vanadium, chromium, and molybdenum to form a hard and wear-resistant metal with carbon.

AISI/SAE ASTM	UNS	C	Cr	Use
M1	T11301	0.85	3.75	Drill bit, saw Lathe, planer
A2	T30102	1	5.15	Punch, carving mold
D2	T30402	1.5	12	blade Cutting tool
S1	T41901	0.5	1.4	Pipe cutting tool Concrete drill
W1	T72301	1.1	0.15	Blacksmith tools Carpenter tools

4. Stainless steel
The main alloying element is chromium with a minimum amount of 11wt%, which has corrosion resistance.
To improve corrosion resistance, molybdenum and nickel can be added.

AISI/ SAE ASTM	UNS	Tensile MPa	Yield MPa	Use
409	S40900	380	205	Automobile exhaust parts, agricultural spraying equipment
446	S44600	515	275	High temperature valve Glass mold Combustion chamber
304	S30400	515	205	Chemistry and Food Manufacturing Equipment Freezing container
316L	S31603	485	170	Welded structure
410	S41000	485	275	Barrels, knives, Jet engine parts
440A	S44002	725	415	Tools, bearings, Surgical knife
17 7PH	S17700	1450	1310	Springs, knives, pressure vessels